Apartment-house



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1. M. L. UNGRIGH.

, APARTMENT HOUSE. No. 531,141. Patented Dec. 18, 1894.

1:1[113 1:] E1 CHIC] IIIDD 3 Sheets-Sheet 3. M. L. UNGRIOH. APARTMENT HOUSE.

(No Model.)

No. 531,141. Patented 1150. 18.1894. v

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MARTIN .LoUIs UNGRICH, on NEW YORK, N. Y.

- APAETM ENT-HOUSE.

SPECIFICATION formingpart 01:: Letters Patent N0. 531,141, dated December 18, 1894. Application filed September 7,189 4- Serial No. 6221 (N0 model.)

.To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, MARTIN LoUIs UNGRICH, of New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apartment- Houses; and I do herebyideclare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as-will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same. i

This invention contemplates certain new and useful improvements in apartmenthouses.

The generally recognized and adopted plan of apartment or tenement houses now observed in nearly all large cities presents many objectionable features, notably, the'conspicuone location of water closets; the'want of privacy in the halls or approaches to the several apartments; waste of plumbing material, as well as exposure thereof and liability to freeze, resulting in leakage and consequently damage to plastering, carpets, &c.; inaccessibility topipes when repairing is necessary;

the liability of damage or destruction ofall 3 apartments in case of fire in any portion of the building; and impossibility of obtaining large rooms on ground floors-suitable for stores, and the like, on account of stairways,

elevator lift, water closets, and the like precluding anyrearward extension of the ground- -floor rooms. V

The object of my invention is'to overcome all of these objections and to construct a building of increased accommodations, which,

while conforming strictly to the building regulations, shall present a maximum number of good sized apartments, well lighted and airy,

and ,all provided with halls or approaches more or less private; and in which the waterclosets shall not be in close proximity to living rooms, and are located in'private hallways; and also in which a minimum quantity of drainage apparatus is necessary, the danger of freezing thereof is avoided, and in the case of fire in any part of the building the remaining portion or portions thereof includcase of fire.

ing thestairway' may be cutoff from the burning partby fire-proof doors, the said stairway being entirely inclosed by fire-proof walls allowing of safe ingress and egress in The invention comprises the novel features of construction, substantially as hereinafter fully set forth and particularly pointed out in the claims. 7 A

In the accompanying drawings:Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view of an apartment house constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a ground plan View. Fig. 3 is asecond or upper story plan view.

Referring to the drawings, A designates the house or building proper; a, the side walls thereof; a, the rear wall; a and a two approximately parallel central walls; and a a transverse wall extending from the side-walls to the central walls a? and a This transverse wall a divides the back or rear portion of the building off from the front or forward portion thereof. Above the .first or ground floor, the space between the two central walls a and a. forms two courts of, the stairway B for the front portion of the building leading centrally up through these courts between the two central walls. J On the ground floor of the building between the central wall a, and the opposite side-wall is one large .room bwhile between the wall a and the adjacent side-wall of the building is a corresponding large room b. .These rooms are suitable for stores, and bebuilding afiord uninterrupted space. They may be ex'tended to .the rear wall .of the building,"if desired, by forming suitable openings in the transverse wall. These large store rooms have frontentrances at 19 4 Near its rear end the room I) opens into the rear extension 0 of the main hall D. The latter hall is locatedbetween the central walls a and a and access is had thereto from the front of the building at d. The walls a and a above the first story have deflections at d, which unite in a forward extension 01 leading to the front of the building; The stairway B leads from this main hall D up through the courts as before stated, and opens into a transverse main hall E on the next floor above. Adjoining the bottom of the stairway B two or more steps lead down to the extension 0 of the main hall and through an arched opening 2 in wall a to therear portion of the building, a stairway B at the end of said ing extended backto the rear portion of the hallway leading to an upper-main -hall-way E. The opening 6 in wall a may beclosed by a fire-proof sliding door F in case of fire, thus protecting the hallway and stairs. When not in use this door fits in a pocket or opening in said wall. The rear portion of the buildingis composed of two-sets ofapartments F and F In each set the rooms are indicated by f and the private hallways by f, the latter opening from the main hallway E. At the rear end of the latter is a watercloset f and adjoining this, running the full, height of the building, is an elevator well or shaft f in which is a lift or-elevatorfor the use of the occupants of the rear of the building for hoisting fuel,-provisions, furnitnre, the. In thiswell orshaft are located the soil pipe f, the vent-pipe f and the supply pipe f". Said well or shaft is heated by a coil f at the lower end thereof,allowing heat to ascend'therein, preventing freezing of the soil and supply pipes and aiding Ventilation. Each apartment in therearhas a separate and independent hallway, insuring privacy to the occupants rooms.

Above the first story the front portion of the building, on each side, has three separate sets of apartments G, G, and G the two sets G and G having four rooms each,designated, respectively, by g and g, while the apartments G2 have, each, three rooms designated respectively, g and g. The transverse main hall E, into which thestairway B opens, at its ends opens into two private halls H, 11, running longitudinally of the'building. From each of these halls access is had through doors 9 and g to apartments G, through doors 9 and g" to apartments G and through doors 9 and g to the rooms of the inner apartments G Opposite the ends of the transverse main hall E and between theapartments G and G are two sets of water-closets h which serve the three sets of apartments, and in rear of these water-closets are two wells it through which are passed thesoil pipes 71. parallel with which are vent pipes 71. and supply pipes h. At the bottom of each well is aheating coil I, for supplying hotair thereto, thereby avoiding danger of the pipes freezing. The hot air ascending these wells "will *serveto draw 0% the odors of the waterclosetcompartments and promote ventilation through the tops of said wells. In the outerwalls of these wells are stationary lights h Extending perpendicularly down through the building between the central wallsisa-shaft 4' wherein is a lift or. elevator-for the 'service of the occupants of the front part of the building. Access is bad to this lift from each hallway E through openings in the front wall or partition of said shaft and light is supplied thereto from the rear court through corresponding openings in the rear wall. The transverse main hallways'E maybe closed on either or both sides of the stairway by sliding fire-proof doors J fitted in the walls a and a, the same as described for the first floor. The

drain-pipe.

structed with a maximum number of rooms and without incurring the expense of a building conforming strictly to the "fire-proof plan.

As shown in Fig. l the front or forward portion of my improved apartment house is five"sto1'ies,whilethe back orrcar portion thereof is provided with six stories. This is done with but littlesacrifice in. the height of each storyandwithoutany material increase in the height of the building at the rear. The usual extra height of large store-rooms on the ground floor is divided .upamong the several stories inthe rear portion of the building and each of the stories being made of slightly less height than those in front I am enabled to provide six stories of suitable proportions at the rear of the building.

The advantages of my invention are apparcut to those skilled in theart to which it appertains and it will be specially observed that the house or building is divided into independent front and rear portions, the only communication between which is through the main hallway on the ground floor; that in case of fire the apartments on either side of the front portion of the building can be safely cut otf: from communication with those on the other side, and by closing overboth fire-proof doors on any-floor or landingthe stairway and front elevator-shaft will be securely. protected, allowing of free escape. Then again by my improvements a greater. number of rooms. are provided for the forward apartments and without sacrifice of space or light. It willalso be noted that each apartmentin the rear of the building has a separateprivate hallway while in the front of the building one private hallway serves for three apartments, thus insuring greater privacy than where the rooms of each apartment open intoa main or publichallway. Then again by passing the drain; vent andsupply pipes down 'a wellaccess can be readily had thereto fon purposes of repairing,&c., and by heating said well danger of freezing is avoided and thorough ventilation is insured.

In the construction of aniapartment house as herein-described i great saving of expense is effected, especially inzthe plumbing, since the-soil pipes fromeach side and rear of the building can all be'connected to oneeommon will also v be noted that the stairways, elevator shafts and water-closets are *so located that there is nothing to l preclude the=large rooms on the ground floor from being extended back anydesired disthereby obtained.

1 claim as my invention 1. An apartment house having independent front and rear portions, central walls and a transverse wall leading from the rear ends of said central walls, a main hallway being cated between said central walls, a forward stairway leading from said hallway in the front portion of said building and a second tance, and an uninterrupted floor space is stairway leading from the rear of said hall-- between which said hallway is located, a front stairway between said walls, upper transverse main halls into which said stairway opens, and fire-proof doors or slides in said central walls for cutting off said stairways from one or both sides of said transverse main halls, substantially as set forth.

4. The apartment house herein-described having a central hallway, two central walls between which said hallway is located, a stairway between'said walls, an upper main hallway transverse to said former hallway and into which said stairway opens, two longitudinal hallways atright angles to said transverse'hallway, and a series of apartments with which said longitudinal hallways connect, substantially as set forth.

5. The'apartment house herein-described.

having a central hallway, a stairway leading from the rear end of said hallway, an upper main hallway intolwhich said stairway opens, two separate hallways leading from said main hallway, and two sets of apartments with which said separate hallways respectively connect, substantially as set forth.

6. The apartment house herein-described having a central hallway, a stairway leading from the rear end of said hallway, an upper main hallway into which said stairway opens,

the, water-closet at the rear of said upper hallway, a lift or elevator shaft adjoining said water-closet, two separate hallways leading from said main hallway, and two sets of apartments with which said separate hallways respectively connect, substantially as set forth.

7. The apartment house herein-described having water-closets, an air-Well in rear of said water-closets, a heating medium at the lower end of said air-well, and soil, vent and supply pipes located in said air-well, substantially as set forth.

8. The apartment house herein-descr1bed having front and rear portions, a central hallway, two central walls between which said hallway is located, a transverse wall connected to said central walls, afront stairway between said central walls, a second stairway in rear of said transverse wall, main hallways leading from both of said stairways, separate hallways at angles to said main hallways, and separate apartments communicatingwith said separate hallways, substantially as set forth.

9. The apartment house herein-described having front and rear portions, a central hallway, two central walls between which said hallwayislocated, a transverse wall connected to said central walls, a front stairway located between said central walls, a lift or elevator shaftalso located between said central walls, upper main transverse hallways onto which said stairway opens, doors connected to said central walls for closing over said upper transverse hallways, longitudinal hallways at right angles to said transverse hallways, separate. apartments leadin g from said longitudinal hallways, a stairway leading from said central hallway in rear of said'transverse wall, main hallways onto which said rear stairway opens, separate hallways leading from said latter main hallways, and separate apartments communicating with said separate hallways, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

- p MARTIN LOUIS UNGRICH. Witnesses: w l

J. NOTA MGGILL, WM. S. HODGES. 

